Fun Facts!

Because Guinea pigs' teeth grow constantly, they routinely gnaw and chew at different objects, to keep their teeth become too large for their mouth, a common problem for rodents.

Guinea Pig

Cavia porcellus

Physical Description

Guinea pigs are smaller members of the rodent family, and are a popular household pet in North America. Typically, they weigh between 1.5-2.5 pounds, and are 8–10 inches in length. Their fur comes in several different colors and a variety of lengths, from short and smooth to long and straight, long and curly, even a hairless variety.

Habitat

The species of Guinea pig kept as pets are no longer found in the wild - they likely descend from some closely related species of cavies, which are still commonly found in grassy plains regions of South America.

Diet in the Wild

Guinea pigs feed on fresh grass hay, such as timothy hay, and are also given food pellets which are often based from timothy. It is recommended that they be given additional hay, since Guinea pigs may start chewing on their own hair if food is not present.

Behavior

Guinea pigs are very smart  – they can learn complicated paths to get to food, and can accurately remember a learned path for months. They can jump small obstacles, but they cannot climb, and are not very agile. They startle extremely easily, and will either freeze in place for long periods or run for cover with rapid, darting motions when they sense danger. Guinea pigs regularly groom themselves, and sometimes will groom each other. Guinea pigs have poor sight, but good hearing, smell, and touch. They communicate with each other though vocalization - squeaking sounds.

Status in the Wild / Conservation Efforts

They originated in the Andes Mountains of South America, and scientists believe they are domesticated descendants of a closely related species of rodent. Since they are not a wild animal they do not have a status listing.

LIFE SPAN

They typically live from four to five years, but may live as long as eight years.